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Module 15 of 16 · 📖 4 min read · ⏱ 30 min total

FI-AE 15 DevOps — CI-CD-Pipelines und Container (EN)

Table of contents (6 sections)
  1. Concepts and Background
  2. Architecture Diagram
  3. Practical Steps
  4. Common Pitfalls
  5. Further Resources
  6. Knowledge Check

FI-AE 15 DevOps — CI/CD-Pipelines and Containers

In this module, you will learn the fundamentals of modern software deployment through CI/CD pipelines and containerization. You will understand how automated build, test, and deployment processes accelerate and stabilize development. Additionally, you will acquire practical knowledge in Docker and Kubernetes to operate applications in a scalable and portable manner.

Concepts and Background

CI/CD Pipeline
An automated process that guides code changes through build, test, and deployment steps to ensure continuous integration and deployment.
Docker
A platform for containerizing applications that bundles dependencies and ensures a consistent environment across different systems.
Kubernetes
An open-source system for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.
Pod
The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, which includes one or more containers with shared network and storage.
Deployment
A Kubernetes object that declares how an application should be run and is responsible for managing ReplicaSets.

Architecture Diagram

flowchart LR
  A[Developer] --> B[Git Repository]
  B --> C[CI/CD Server]
  C --> D[Docker Registry]
  D --> E[Kubernetes Cluster]
  E --> F[Production Environment]
  C --> G[Test Environment]

Practical Steps

  1. Install Docker on your system with the command 
    sudo apt install docker.io
    to create and manage containers.
  2. Create a Dockerfile with a base image instruction like 
    FROM ubuntu:20.04
    to define your application environment.
  3. Build your Docker image with 
    docker build -t my-app:latest .
    to compile your application into a container image.
  4. Push the image to a registry with 
    docker push my-app:latest
    to make it available in the cluster.
  5. Create a Kubernetes deployment manifest with 
    kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml
    to deploy your application in the cluster.
  6. Create a service with 
    kubectl expose deployment my-app --port 80
    to enable access to your application.
  7. Implement a CI/CD pipeline with Jenkins or GitLab CI to automate builds and deployments.
  8. Configure a health check in your deployment to ensure the availability of your application.

Common Pitfalls

Further Resources

Knowledge Check

Four questions for self-assessment. Click on each question to see the correct answer and explanation.

What is the main advantage of a CI/CD pipeline in software development?
  • A) Reduction of the number of developers in the team
  • B) Automation of build, test, and deployment processes
  • C) Increase in code complexity
  • D) Reduction of documentation requirements

Correct Answer: B. CI/CD pipelines automate build, test, and deployment processes, which accelerates and stabilizes development. Option A is incorrect as the number of developers is not reduced. Option C is incorrect as code complexity is not increased. Option D is incorrect as documentation requirements are not reduced.

What is a Pod in Kubernetes?
  • A) A container orchestration system
  • B) The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes
  • C) A storage object for persistent data
  • D) A network plugin for Kubernetes

Correct Answer: B. A Pod is the smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, which includes one or more containers with shared network and storage. Option A is incorrect as Kubernetes is the container orchestration system. Option C is incorrect as PersistentVolume and other objects are used for persistent data. Option D is incorrect as network plugins are provided by other components.

Which command creates a Docker image from a Dockerfile?
  • A) docker create -t my-app:latest
  • B) docker run -t my-app:latest
  • C) docker build -t my-app:latest
  • D) docker deploy -t my-app:latest

Correct Answer: C. The command 'docker build -t my-app:latest' creates a Docker image from a Dockerfile. Option A is incorrect as 'docker create' creates a container, not an image. Option B is incorrect as 'docker run' starts a container, it does not create an image. Option D is incorrect as 'docker deploy' is not a valid Docker command.

What is the main task of Kubernetes?
  • A) Code versioning and management
  • B) Containerization of applications
  • C) Automation of deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications
  • D) Creation of Docker images

Correct Answer: C. Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. Option A is incorrect as code versioning and management is handled by systems like Git. Option B is incorrect as containerization is handled by Docker. Option D is incorrect as Docker image creation is handled by Docker.